Most patients seeking help for problems related to substance abuse at Bengaluru’s Cadabams Hospital, renowned for its de-addiction programme, are in the 36-55 age group and accompanied by parents, followed by siblings and spouses, the hospital authorities said.
Neha Cadabam, senior psychologist and executive director of the hospital, said that a significant percentage of patients of the rehabilitation programme remain in recovery for three to six months after discharge.
“Beyond that period, when individuals return to their regular daily lives, the success rate may decrease. Usually 60 to 64 per cent of clients tend to remain in recovery during the initial three to six months after discharge. However, long-term success can vary based on individual circumstances, motivation and ongoing support systems,” she said.
While the hospital’s primary focus is on rehabilitating patients with substance use disorders, substance addiction, individuals with other types of addictions or behavioural issues also get assistance at the hospital.
Cadabam said the duration of treatment depends on the severity of the addiction and co-occurring mental health issues. “For individuals with addiction and comorbid conditions, there is a specialised dual diagnosis programme lasting approximately six months (180 days). This extended duration allows for comprehensive treatment and a better chance at long-term recovery,” she added.
“At the hospital, we offer various treatment programmes tailored to the specific needs of each individual. The first programme is the comprehensive de-addiction programme, which focuses on evidence-based treatment to reduce the risks associated with substance use and motivate individuals to understand themselves better in their recovery journey.
“The second programme is an intensive 90-day programme, which helps individuals gather insights and develop independence to avoid relapse. The third programme, called dual diagnosis, is for those with substance use disorder and comorbid conditions, offering holistic therapeutic intervention,” Cadabam said.
The choice of programme depends on factors like the level of substance dependence, social and occupational disruption, medical conditions, motivation and the history of the condition, according to Cadabam.
“We also acknowledge that relapse is a part of the recovery process, and we provide continuous support through the relapse prevention programme. Our approach is holistic, including medical care, psychological counselling, dietary interventions and various activities to support individuals in their recovery journey,” she added.
When patients present with both addiction and mental health issues such as induced psychosis, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, the hospital places them in a dual diagnosis programme lasting approximately six months.
The triggers for co-occurring mental health issues alongside addiction vary widely, including factors like genetic vulnerability, prolonged substance use, overdose and stressful life situations, according to specialists at the hospital.
According to the National Mental Health Survey conducted in 2015-16, 0.6 per cent of the surveyed population were dependent on cannabis, stimulants, opioids, substance and misused prescription drugs. The survey interviewed 39,532 people.
Signs and symptoms
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The National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, lists the following among the signs and symptoms of substance use or abuse:
Appearance of intoxication: Droopy eyelids, red eyes and unusual smell on clothing or breath.
Changes in sleep patterns: Sleepiness, sleeplessness and restlessness
Poor health: Frequently getting ill, runny nose, chest pain and cough
Hygiene: Decline in personal hygiene and grooming standards
Appetite: Constant hunger and extreme weight loss or gain
